Hunting is controlled by government agencies. In Sweden, the lynx population was estimated at 1,400 individuals in 2006 and 1,250 in 2011. By 1996, the lynx population was estimated to comprise 410 Individuals, decreased to less than 260 individuals in 2004 and increased since 2005 to about 452 mature individuals by 2008. In 1994, a compensation scheme for livestock killed by lynx was introduced. In Norway, the Eurasian lynx was subjected to an official bounty between 18 and could be hunted without license. Since the 1950s, the population slowly recovered and forms three subpopulations in northern, central and southern Scandinavia. The Eurasian lynx was close to extinction in Scandinavia in the 1930s. By the 1950s, it had become extinct in most of Western and Central Europe, where only scattered and isolated populations exist today. By the early 19th century, it was persecuted to local extinction in western and southern European lowlands, but survived only in mountainous areas and Scandinavian forests. The Eurasian lynx was once widespread throughout most of continental Europe. It tends to be less common where the grey wolf ( Canis lupus) is abundant, and wolves have been reported to attack and even eat lynx. Despite its adaptations for moving in snow, it finds loose, deep snow difficult to deal with and cannot survive in areas with snow depths exceeding 100 cm (39 in). In the more mountainous parts of its range, Eurasian lynx descends to the lowlands in winter, following prey species and avoiding deep snow. Depending on the locality, this may include rocky-steppe, mixed forest-steppe, boreal forest, and montane forest ecosystems. The Eurasian lynx inhabits rugged country providing plenty of hideouts and stalking opportunities. Those inhabiting Fennoscandia and westwards are considerably smaller, with a range of just 7–26 kg (15–57 lb), though individuals in the Carpathian Mountains may rival those in the Altai in size. A Eurasian lynx from the Altai Mountains weighed 35 kg (77 lb). Weights of both sexes in Russia range from 12 to 32 kg (26 to 71 lb), but more than 30 kg (66 lb) is attained very rarely and is possibly exaggerated. The tail is 11–24.5 cm (4.3–9.6 in) long, constituting a total length of up to 130 cm (51 in) in the largest males. It is the largest of the four lynx species, ranging in body length from 76–106 cm (30–42 in) in males 73–99 cm (29–39 in) in females and standing 55–75 cm (22–30 in) at the shoulder. It also has a short "bobbed" tail with an all-black tip, black tufts of hair on its ears, and a long grey-and-white ruff. It has powerful, relatively long legs, with large webbed and furred paws that act like snowshoes. Some animals have dark brown stripes on the forehead and back. In winter, it is much thicker and varies from silver-grey to greyish brown. The fur is more brightly coloured with more numerous spots in animals living at the southern end of its range. The underparts, neck and chin are whitish. The Eurasian lynx has a relatively short, reddish or brown coat that is marked with black spots their number and pattern are highly variable. The following were also proposed, but are not considered valid taxa: carpathicus) Kratochvil & Stollmann, 1963Ĭarpathian Basin of Romania, Slovakia, Hungary, Ukraine and Bulgaria. balcanicus) Bures, 1941Įastern Serbia and western North Macedonia, with smaller populations in Montenegro and Albania.
Russian Far East, in the Stanovoy Range and east of the Yenisei River.īalkan lynx ( L.
dinniki) Satunin, 1915Ĭaucasus, Iran, Turkey, and European Russia. Widespread from west in Central Asia, from South Asia to China and Mongolia.Ĭaucasian lynx ( L. lynx) (Linnaeus, 1758) įennoscandia, Baltic states, Poland, Belarus, European Russia, Ural Mountains, Western Siberia east to the Yenisei river. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the following Eurasian lynx subspecies were proposed: Subspecies Taxonomy įelis lynx was the scientific name used in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus in his work Systema Naturae. Despite its wide distribution, it is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching and depletion of prey. It inhabits temperate and boreal forests up to an elevation of 5,500 m (18,000 ft). The Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx) is a medium-sized wild cat widely distributed from Northern, Central and Eastern Europe to Central Asia and Siberia, the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas.
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